Oxidized lipids and treatment or prevention of fibrosis

A method of treating or preventing fibrosis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having a structure according to Formula 4c:

• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
• wherein:
• A1 is CH2;
• A2 is CH2;
• X1 is an alkyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms;
• X2 is
• wherein:
• E is absent or is an alkyl chain having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
• F is hydrogen;
• and
• Z is
• wherein Rd is H;
• Y is selected from the group consisting of phosphoryl choline, phosphoryl ethanolamine, and phosphoryl serine;
• and
• wherein the fibrosis is liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, or skin fibrosis.