Back to results
US 10,130,511 B2Granted
Adaptive laser system for ophthalmic surgery
AssigneeBoard of Trustees of Michigan State University
InventorMarcos Dantus
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
An adaptive laser system for ophthalmic use is provided. In another aspect, a relatively inexpensive laser is employed. In another aspect of the present system, non-linear optical imaging uses multiphoton fluorescences and/or second harmonic generation, to create three-dimensional mapping of a portion of the eye in combination with automated feedback to assist with a surgical operation. In a further aspect of the present system, the patient interface uses laser induced markings or indicia to aid in focusing and/or calibration. Still another aspect employs temporal focusing of the laser beam pulse.
Claims66
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz, the ophthalmic laser being one of:
- a direct diode pumped laser, and a Yb doped gain medium laser;
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising at least one of:
- (a) a pulse shaper which assists in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse;
- and
- (b) a diffraction optic for diffracting colors in the pulse, a collimating optic for collimating the colors in the pulse and a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at the target focal point at a desired spectral focusing depth;
- a programmable controller;
- a detector connected to the programmable controller;
- the at least one laser pulse scanning across a portion of an eye by a scanner and the detector collecting a nonlinear optical signal based on the laser pulse scan;
- and
- the laser, detector and controller causing nonlinear optical imaging of the portion of the eye, instead of using optical coherent tomography, to create a three dimensional map to assist in guiding subsequent eye surgery tailored to the that specific eye using subsequent laser pulses.
9 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz, the ophthalmic laser being one of:
- a direct diode pumped laser, and a Yb doped gain medium laser;
- at least one pulse shaper changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point, the pulse shaper assisting in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse, the pulse shaper controlling amplitude and phase characteristics of the pulse;
- and
- a programmable controller varying the pulse shaper in an automated and real-time manner to optimize desired performance through varying a temporal characteristic of the pulse.
2 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz, the ophthalmic laser being one of:
- a direct diode pumped laser, and a Yb doped gain medium laser;
- and
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising at least one of:
- (a) a pulse shaper which assists in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse;
- and
- (b) a diffraction optic for diffracting colors in the pulse, a collimating optic for collimating the colors in the pulse and a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at the target focal point at a desired spectral focusing depth;
- wherein fiber and a free space oscillator are combined to generate a laser pulse bandwidth greater than 60 nm.
6 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz, the ophthalmic laser being one of:
- a direct diode pumped laser, and a Yb doped gain medium laser;
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising at least one of:
- (a) a pulse shaper which assists in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse;
- and
- (b) a diffraction optic for diffracting colors in the pulse, a collimating optic for collimating the colors in the pulse and a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at the target focal point at a desired spectral focusing depth;
- and
- gold nanoparticles adapted for location in or on an eye, and the at least one pulse being emitted at the gold nanoparticles to assist in an ophthalmic surgery.
6 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs;
- a diffracting optic operably diffracting colors in the pulse;
- a collimating optic operably collimating the colors in the pulse;
- a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at a target focal point;
- and
- a programmable controller operably causing the target focal point to be at a desired spectral focusing eye depth to allow for laser eye surgery at the desired spectral focusing eye depth but without affecting the adjacent areas subject to the unfocused laser pulse;
- wherein the optics and controller cause all of the frequencies of the laser pulse to overlap in space and time at the target focal point while maximum peak intensity is achieved.
4 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs;
- a diffracting optic operably diffracting colors in the pulse;
- a collimating optic operably collimating the colors in the pulse;
- a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at a target focal point;
- a programmable controller operably causing the target focal point to be at a desired spectral focusing eye depth to allow for laser eye surgery at the desired spectral focusing eye depth but without affecting the adjacent areas subject to the unfocused laser pulse;
- the controller adjusting intensity of diodes pumping the laser;
- and
- an attenuator controlling bandwidth and output intensity of the laser.
5 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs;
- a programmable controller connected to the laser;
- and
- a detector connected to the controller, the detector operably detecting at least one of:
- (a) second harmonic generation imaging;
- and (b) at least two-photon fluorescence emission imaging, caused by the laser pulse being emitted into an eye;
- the controller operably determining at least one of:
- (i) measurements, (ii) locations, and (iii) characteristics, of portions of the eye based on the detected images, used in subsequent laser treatment of the eye;
- wherein the detector and controller detect an image of an iris of the eye and automatically compare a detected image to a previously stored iris image in order to identify the eye being treated and assist with alignment.
6 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs;
- a programmable controller connected to the laser;
- a detector connected to the controller, the detector operably detecting at least one of:
- (a) second harmonic generation imaging;
- and (b) at least two-photon fluorescence emission imaging, caused by the laser pulse being emitted into an eye;
- the controller operably determining at least one of:
- (i) measurements, (ii) locations, and (iii) characteristics, of portions of the eye based on the detected images, used in subsequent laser treatment of the eye;
- and
- a pulse shaper connected to the controller, the controller automatically varying the pulse shaper in a real time manner to change a characteristic of the at least one pulse.
6 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- a first ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz;
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising at least one of:
- (a) a pulse shaper which assists in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse;
- and
- (b) a diffraction optic for diffracting colors in the pulse, a collimating optic for collimating the colors in the pulse and a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at the target focal point at a desired spectral focusing depth;
- and
- at least a second ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, the lasers being of a modularized construction and mounted to a single ophthalmic surgical machine such that laser emission can be easily interchanged for one another almost instantaneously.
5 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz;
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising a diffraction optic for diffracting colors in the pulse, a collimating optic for collimating the colors in the pulse and a focusing optic focusing the colors in the pulse at the target focal point at a desired spectral focusing depth;
- the diffraction optic being a grating and the focusing optic being a curved mirror;
- and
- a computer controlled actuator operably moving the mirror to vary the desired spectral focusing depth;
- the ophthalmic laser being adapted for at least three different eye operations selected from the following:
- refractive correction, cutting corneal flaps, treatment of macular degeneration, corneal grafting, phaco chopping, lens extraction, photo bleaching, presbiopia correction, and fundus imaging.
5 more elements
An ophthalmic surgical laser system comprising:
- an ophthalmic laser emitting at least one unamplified laser pulse, each having a duration less than 150 fs with an output less than 2 μJ and a repetition rate greater than 0.5 MHz;
- at least one optic changing a characteristic of the pulse between the ophthalmic laser and a target focal point;
- the at least one optic further comprising a pulse shaper which assists in correcting nonlinear spectral phase distortions in the pulse to reduce undesired bubbles otherwise created by surgical ophthalmical use of the pulse;
- and
- a programmable controller varying the pulse shaper in an automated and real-time manner to optimize desired performance through varying a temporal characteristic of the pulse;
- the ophthalmic laser being adapted for at least three different eye operations selected from the following:
- refractive correction, cutting corneal flaps, treatment of macular degeneration, corneal grafting, phaco chopping, lens extraction, photo bleaching, presbiopia correction, and fundus imaging.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.