# US 10,122,566 B2 · Delay span classification for OFDM systems using selective filtering in the frequency domain > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,122,566 B2 - Document ID: US10122566B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/357,478 - Filed: 2016-11-21 - Published: 2017-06-29 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-24 - Assignees: Intel IP Corporation - Applicants: Intel IP Corporation - Inventors: Javier Mauricio Paredes Riano; Andreas Bury - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122566B2 ## CPC - H04L 27/2695: {with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking (channel estimation H04L25/0202)} - H04L 5/0048: {Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver (allocation of control signalling H04L5/0053; use of control signalling H04L5/0091)} - H04L 25/0216: {with estimation of channel length} - H04L 25/0224: {using sounding signals} - H04L 27/2607: {Cyclic extensions} - H04L 27/2663: {Coarse synchronisation, e.g. by correlation} - H04L 27/2672: {Frequency domain} - H04L 27/2675: {Pilot or known symbols} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract It is proposed a method for delay spread classification of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal (multiplexing signal), and a receiving device and a telecommunication device connected thereto, the multiplexing signal comprising at least a first multiplexing symbol comprising at least two first reference symbols in the frequency domain, the method comprising: receiving at least the first multiplexing symbol; demodulating at least the first reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determining at least a first autocorrelation value by autocorrelating the demodulated first reference symbols in the frequency domain; computing the filtered output energy of the autocorrelation and classifying the delay spread by mapping the ratio of the output energy for the filters. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for delay spread classification of a multiplexing signal comprising a first multiplexing symbol including two first reference symbols in the frequency domain, the method comprising: receiving the first multiplexing symbol; demodulating the first two reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determining a first autocorrelation value by autocorrelating the demodulated first two reference symbols in the frequency domain; filtering the multiplexing signal using a set of filters to provide a set of respective energy output values, wherein one or more parameters associated with the set of filters are calculated based upon the first autocorrelation value, and wherein each filter from among the set of filters has a respective transfer width in terms of a different time length, each of the different time lengths being proportional to a length of time associated with the multiplexing signal; and determining a delay spread of the multiplexing signal as being within a transfer width associated with one of the filters from among the set of filters based on one or more energy output ratios exceeding one or more energy thresholds, the one or more energy output ratios being associated with ratios between one or more energy output values from among the set of respective energy output values. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal comprises: determining a first output energy value from among the set of respective energy output values by weighting the first autocorrelation value with a result of applying a first filter from among the set of filters to the multiplexing signal; and determining a second output energy value from among the set of respective energy output values by weighting the first autocorrelation value with a result of applying a second filter from among the set of filters to the multiplexing signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the first filter has a first transfer function, the first transfer function having a first transfer width substantially covering a first portion of time and a second portion of time, the first portion of time chronologically following the second portion of time, and wherein the second filter has a second transfer function, the second transfer function having a second transfer width shorter than the first transfer width and substantially covering the second portion of time while substantially excluding the first portion of time. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal further comprises: determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the first transfer width when a ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is below a first predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds; and determining the delay spread to be within the second transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to the first predefined threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first autocorrelation value comprises: forming a first vector from the demodulated two first reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determining a first scalar product from the first vector with a shifted version of the first vector; and determining the first autocorrelation value from the first scalar product. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein determining the first autocorrelation value comprises: determining an additional autocorrelation value by determining a second scalar product of the first vector with a shifted versions of the first vector, the degree of shifting being different from the shifting for the first autocorrelation value. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the multiplexing signal comprises an additional multiplexing symbol including two additional reference symbols in the frequency domain, the method further comprising: demodulating the two additional reference symbols; and determining the first autocorrelation value from the demodulated two first reference symbols and the two additional reference symbols in the frequency domain. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein determining the first autocorrelation value comprises: forming a first vector from the demodulated two first reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determining a first scalar product from the first vector with a version of the first vector shifted by a first degree; forming an additional vector from the demodulated additional two reference symbols of the additional multiplexing symbol; determining a second additional scalar product from the additional vector with a version of the additional vector shifted by the first degree; and determining the first autocorrelation value from the first and the second scalar product. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein determining the first autocorrelation value from the first and the second scalar product comprises: determining a first signal to noise ratio of the first scalar product; determining a second signal to noise ratio of the second scalar product; determining the first autocorrelation value by weighting the first and the second scalar product by their respective signal to noise ratio. ### Claim 10 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the first transfer function covers a first portion of time, a second portion of time and a third portion of time, the second portion of time chronologically following the third portion of time, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal further comprises: determining a third output energy value from among the set of respective energy output values by weighting the first autocorrelation value with a result of applying a third filter from among the set of filters to the multiplexing signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the third filter has a third transfer function, the third transfer function having a third transfer width shorter than the second transfer width and substantially covering the third portion of time while substantially excluding the first and second portion of time. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal further comprises: determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the first transfer width when a ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is below a first predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal further comprises: determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the second transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to the first predefined threshold and lower than a second predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal further comprises: determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the second transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to the first predefined threshold and lower than a second predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds; and determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the third transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to the second predefined threshold, the first and second predefined thresholds being functions of a ratio of the third output energy value to the first output energy value. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the third transfer width is shorter than or equal to 50% of the second transfer width. ### Claim 16 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first transfer width is shorter than 10% of a length of the first multiplexing symbol. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the first transfer width is shorter than or equal to a cyclic prefix length associated with the multiplexing signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the second transfer width is shorter than or equal to 50% of the first transfer width. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first multiplexing symbol comprises reference symbols. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the two first reference symbols are from among a set of first reference symbols that are evenly distributed in the frequency domain within the first multiplexing symbol. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the multiplexing signal is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) signal. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the multiplexing signal is a pilot-based multiplexing signal. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the multiplexing signal is an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal. ### Claim 24 A receiving device, comprising: a receiving circuit configured to receive an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal including a first multiplexing symbol comprising two first reference symbols in the frequency domain; and a control circuit configured to: receive the first multiplexing symbol from the receiving circuit; demodulate the first reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determine a first autocorrelation value by autocorrelating the demodulated first reference symbols in the frequency domain; filter the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal using a set of filters to provide a set of respective energy output values, the one or more parameters associated with the set of filters being calculated based upon the first autocorrelation value, wherein each filter from among the set of filters has a respective transfer width in terms of a different time length, each of the different time lengths being proportional to a length of time associated with the multiplexing signal; and determine the delay spread of the multiplexing signal as being within a transfer width associated with one of the filters from among the set of filters based on one or more energy output ratios exceeding one or more energy thresholds, the one or more energy output ratios being associated with ratios between one or more energy output values from among the set of respective energy output values. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The receiving device of claim 24, wherein a first filter from among the set of filters has a first transfer function, the first transfer function having a first transfer width substantially covering a first portion of time and a second portion of time, the first portion of time chronologically following the second portion of time, and wherein a second filter from among the set of filters has a second transfer function, the second transfer function having a second transfer width shorter than the first transfer width and substantially covering the second portion of time while substantially excluding the first portion of time, and wherein the control circuit is further configured to: determine a first output energy value from among the set of respective energy output values by weighting the first autocorrelation value with a result of applying the first filter to the multiplexing signal; and determine a second output energy value from among the set of respective energy output values by weighting the first autocorrelation value with a result of applying the second filter to the multiplexing signal; determine the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the second transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to a first predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds and lower than a second predefined threshold from among the one or more energy thresholds; and determining the delay spread of the multiplexing signal to be within the third transfer width when the ratio of the second output energy value to the first output energy value is above or equal to the second predefined threshold, the first and second predefined thresholds being functions of a ratio of a third output energy value from among the one or more energy thresholds to the first output energy value.