# US 10,122,477 B2 · Transmitter performance calibration systems and methods

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- Number: US 10,122,477 B2
- Document ID: US10122477B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/276,009
- Filed: 2016-09-26
- Published: 2018-03-29
- Granted: 2018-11-06
- Earliest claimed: 2016-09-26
- Assignees: Intel IP Corporation
- Applicants: Intel IP Corporation
- Inventors: Franz Kuttner
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122477B2

## CPC

- H04B 17/14: of the whole transmission and reception path, e.g. self-test loop-back
- H04B 1/525: with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
- H04L 27/152: using controlled oscillators, e.g. PLL arrangements
- H04B 2001/0408: {with power amplifiers}
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

An apparatus is disclosed that includes a transmit chain, a duplexer, a receive chain and a control circuit. The transmit chain is configured to generate a transmit signal at a transmit frequency. The duplexer is configured to pass the transmit signal to an antenna that generates a transmit leakage current into a received signal. The receive chain is configured to obtain the received signal and measure the leakage current from the transmit chain. The control circuit is configured to determine reduced performance parameters for the transmit chain based on the determined leakage signal, wherein the transmit leakage signal is inversely proportional to the reduced performance parameters.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus comprising:
a transmit chain configured to generate a transmit signal;
a duplexer configured to pass the transmit signal to an antenna and to generate a transmit leakage signal into a received signal;
a receive chain configured to obtain the received signal and determine the leakage signal from the transmit chain; and
a control circuit configured to determine reduced performance parameters for the transmit chain based on the determined leakage signal, wherein the transmit leakage signal is inversely proportional to the reduced performance parameters.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmit chain comprises an interpolator and the reduced performance parameters comprise a reduced resolution for the interpolator.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmit chain comprises a radio frequency digital to analog converter (RFDAC) and the reduced performance parameters comprise a reduced resolution for the RFDAC.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmit chain comprises a digital phase locked loop (DPLL) and the reduced performance parameters comprise a reduced resolution for the DPLL.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the duplexer is configured to generate the transmit leakage signal below a selected amount.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receive chain comprises a tuner configured to receive the received signal at a transmit frequency of the transmit signal, wherein the received signal substantially comprises the transmit leakage signal.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receive chain includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) configured to amplify the received signal.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the duplexer is configured to pass an incoming signal from the antenna to the receive chain as at least part of the received signal.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to iteratively determine the reduced parameters until a selected amount of power mitigation is obtained by the transmit chain.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to iteratively determine the reduced parameters until the measured leakage signal is at or about a threshold value.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to compare the measured leakage current with a noise mask and determine the reduced performance parameters based on the comparison.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmit chain includes a radio frequency digital to analog converter (RFDAC) configured to generate the transmit signal using a digital phase locked loop signal at the transmit frequency.

### Claim 13

A method of calibrating a communications device, the method comprising:
generating a first transmit signal at a transmit frequency using performance parameters;
tuning a receive chain to the transmit frequency;
leaking a portion of the first transmit signal to the receive chain as transmit leakage;
measuring the transmit leakage in the receive chain; and
determining one or more reduced performance parameters based on the measured transmit leakage, wherein the one or more reduced performance parameters reduce performance of a transmitter; and
generating the first transmit signal using one or more initial performance parameters and generating a second transmit signal at the transmit frequency using the one or more reduced performance parameters, wherein the second transmit signal has a reduced power consumption and an increased transmit leakage as compared with the first transmit signal.