# US 10,122,254 B2 · Devices, systems and processes for average current control > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,122,254 B2 - Document ID: US10122254B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/888,290 - Filed: 2018-02-05 - Published: 2018-06-07 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-10-21 - Assignees: Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC - Applicants: Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC - Inventors: Pavel Horsky; Jean-Paul Eggermont; Jan Plojhar; Martin Musil; Paul Andrem Decloedt - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122254B2 ## CPC - H05B 45/375: using buck topology - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H02M 1/44: Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters - H02M 3/156: with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators - H02M 1/0009: {Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter} - H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter} - H02M 1/12: Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output - H05B 47/10: Controlling the light source - Y02B 20/30: Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED] - H05B: ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract Various embodiments of apparatuses, systems and methods for regulating the currents provided by a DCDC buck converters to an LED unit are provided. In accordance with at least one embodiment, a regulating element operable to instruct and regulate the periods during which a first switch of a driver module, used to control the operation of a buck converter module, is configured into at least one of a first operating state and a second operating state such that the maximum and minimum currents provided by the buck converter module to a load, such as an LED unit, over a given duty cycle are symmetrically disposed about an average current provided to the LED unit during the duty cycle, where the average current provided is substantially equal to a target current for the LED unit. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A device for use in regulating operations of a switched mode power supply, comprising: a regulating element configured to: determine a duration of at least one state for two or more cycles of a driver module; wherein each cycle includes an “on” state and an “off” state; wherein each cycle includes an “on” state lasting an “on” duration and an “off” state lasting an “off” duration; receive a first signal for each cycle; wherein the first signal represents an output voltage of the driver module for a current cycle; and output a time-off signal based on the received first signal; wherein the time-off signal indicates the “off” duration of the driver module for the current cycle. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the regulating element is configured to output the time-oil signal upon receiving a second signal indicating when a first current in the driver module reaches a maximum current. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2, the regulating element being configured to: adjust the time-off signal for a second “off” duration; wherein the driver module operates during a second cycle occurring after a first cycle, the second cycle including a second “on” state lasting a second “on” duration and a second “off” state lasting a second “off” duration. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The device of claim 3, wherein the regulating element is configured to: adjust the second “off” duration to maintain an output current of the driver module at a constant ripple current over a given cycle. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the time-off signal is inversely proportional to the first signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2. wherein the regulating element is configured to: adjust when the time-off signal is output for a next cycle. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6, wherein the regulating element is configured to: receive a time-off adjustment signal; wherein the adjustment to the time-off signal is based on the received time-off adjustment signal; and wherein the time-off adjustment signal represents an adjustment to a maximum current setting for a first current. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7, wherein the regulating element is configured to: receive an adjustment signal indicating an adjustment to the maximum current setting. ### Claim 9 (depends on 3) The device of claim 3, wherein the regulating element is configured to: receive a voltage comparator signal; wherein the voltage comparator signal indicates a first delay in activation of a first switch of a buck converter module and a second delay in deactivation of the first switch, and adjust at least one of the second “on” duration and the second “off” duration for a next cycle based upon the received voltage comparator signal. ### Claim 10 A method for regulating a buck converter module, comprising: determining a first period for a first cycle of a buck converter module, determining a second period for the first cycle; comparing a duration of the first period to a duration of the second period; and based on the comparison, first adjusting at least one of an “on” duration and an “off” duration for at least one next cycle arising after the first cycle. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the buck converter module operates in accordance with at least two cycles, each cycle spanning, in successive order, a first initial time, a second time, a third time, a fourth time, and a fifth time; wherein the fifth time corresponds to a second initial time marking the beginning of the next cycle for the buck converter module; wherein the buck converter module is in an “on” state during a first “on” duration arising from the initial time through the third time for the first cycle; wherein the buck converter module is in an “off” state during a first “off” duration arising from the third time through the fifth time for the first cycle; wherein the “on” state for any given cycle includes the first period and the second period; wherein the first period arises from the initial time through the second time; and wherein the second period arises from the second time through the third time. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, comprising: wherein the operation of determining the first period for the first cycle comprises: outputting a set signal for the on duration; and monitoring the set signal and a third signal indicating when a first current in the buck converter module reaches a target current; and wherein the operation of determining a second period for the first cycle comprises: monitoring the third signal and a second signal indicating when the first current in the buck converter module reaches a maximum current. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, comprising: second adjusting a frequency of transitions by the buck converter module between the “on” duration and the “off” duration; and third adjusting an amount of ripple arising in an output current provided by the buck converter module to a load. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein the second adjusting includes adjusting a maximum current setting for a first current; and wherein the third adjusting includes adjusting at least one of the first period and the second period. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, comprising: wherein a second “off” duration is adjusted such that a result of an output voltage of the buck converter module multiplied by the “off” duration is proportional to an average amount of ripple in the output current of the buck converter module. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, comprising: fourth adjusting at least one of the “off” duration and a maximum current through a first switch of the buck converter module to maintain the average amount of ripple at a constant value. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, comprising: fourth adjusting the “off” duration by adjusting at least one condition indicating when a third time occurs; wherein the buck converter module is in an “on” state during a first “on” duration arising from the initial time through the third time for a first cycle. ### Claim 18 A method for controlling operating states of a buck converter module, comprising: charging a first capacitor with a first current to a first voltage potential until a first threshold is reached; charging a second capacitor with a second current to a second voltage potential until a second threshold is reached; upon reaching the second threshold: comparing the first voltage potential to the second voltage potential; decreasing a time-on period for the buck converter module when the first voltage potential is less than the second voltage potential; and increasing the time-on period for the buck converter module when the first voltage potential is greater than the second voltage potential. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising: receiving a source power; converting the source power into the first current; converting the source power into the second current; discharging each of the first capacitor and the second capacitor; first opening a first compare switch when a first current reaches the first threshold; second opening a second compare switch when the first current reaches the second threshold; and upon comparing the first voltage potential to the second voltage potential: outputting a time difference signal for use by a control module in adjusting the time-on period. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein each of the first threshold and the second threshold are received from a current sensor module configured to sense the first current; wherein the first compare switch is normally closed and is opened while a first threshold signal is received; and wherein the second compare switch is normally closed and is opened while a second threshold signal is received.