# US 10,122,180 B2 · Bus conditioner for an aircraft power system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,122,180 B2 - Document ID: US10122180B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/878,454 - Filed: 2015-10-08 - Published: 2016-04-14 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-10-08 - Assignees: Parker-Hannifin Corporation - Applicants: Parker-Hannifin Corporation - Inventors: Donald Neuhaus; Velimir Nedic - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122180B2 ## CPC - H02J 3/322: {the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging} - G06F 1/263: {Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC (G06F1/30 takes precedence)} - G06F 13/4282: {on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus (on daisy chain buses G06F13/4247)} - H02J 4/00: Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as AC or DC; Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks combining AC and DC sections or sub-networks (arrangements using intermediate DC-AC-DC conversion H02J1/002; arrangements using high-voltage DC [HVDC] links H02J3/36) - H02J 4/25: for transfer of electric power between AC and DC networks, e.g. for supplying the DC section within a load from an AC mains system - B64D 2221/00: Electric power distribution systems onboard aircraft - H02J 2105/32: {for aircrafts} - Y02D 10/00: Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - B64D: EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT - Y02D: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE ## Abstract A bus conditioner for an electrical power system having at least one bus couplable to an electric power generation device driven by a prime mover includes a first energy storage device, a bi-directional power converter including a first converter input electrically connected to the first energy storage device and a converter output for connection to the bus, and a controller operatively coupled to the bi-directional power converter. The controller is configured to maintain a substantially constant load on the power generation device by commanding the power converter to divert excess power into the first energy storage device or use energy from the first storage device to provide power to the bus. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A bus conditioner for an electrical power system having at least one bus couplable to an electric power generation device driven by a prime mover, comprising: a first energy storage device; a bi-directional power converter including a first converter input electrically connected to the first energy storage device and a converter output for connection to the bus; and a controller operatively coupled to the power converter, the controller including logic that maintains a substantially non-varying load on the power generation device by commanding the power converter to divert excess power into the first energy storage device or use energy from the first storage device to provide power to the bus, wherein the logic that maintains a substantially non-varying load includes logic that determines a load on the bus, commands the power converter to provide energy to the bus upon the determined load being greater than a first prescribed value, and commands the power converter to absorb energy into the first energy storage device upon the determined load being less than a second prescribed value. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the first energy storage device comprises a battery. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The bus conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the battery comprises a lithium-ion battery. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the power converter further comprises: a second converter input for connection to a second energy source; and a second energy storage device electrically connected to the second converter input. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The bus conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the controller includes logic that commands the power converter to use energy stored in at least one of the first or second energy storage devices to provide power to the at least one bus or use power on the bus to store energy in at least one of the first or second energy storage devices. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The bus conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the second energy storage device comprises a capacitor. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The bus conditioner according to claim 6, wherein the capacitor comprises an electrochemical capacitor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes a first input for receiving a bus voltage, a second input for receiving a bus current, and a third input for receiving a reference power setpoint. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The bus conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the controller includes logic that regulates a power level on the bus based on a bus voltage, a bus current and a power reference as provided on the first input, second input and third input, respectively. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes logic that calculates a load on the bus based on the bus voltage and bus current, and when the calculated load is less than a first prescribed level the logic diverts power from the bus into at least one of the first energy storage device or the second energy storage device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes logic that calculates a load on the bus based on the bus voltage and bus current, and when the calculated load is greater than a second prescribed level the logic uses energy stored at least one of the first energy storage device or the second energy storage device to provide power to the bus. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes logic that: determines a load on the bus; commands the power converter to provide energy to the bus upon the determined load being greater than a first prescribed value; and commands the power converter to absorb energy into at least one of the first or second energy storage devices upon the determined load being less than a second prescribed value. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes logic that: calculates an average power delivered by the bus; and commands the power converter to regulate power, current, or voltage-based load variations on the bus based on the calculated average power. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes logic that proactively releases energy to the bus prior to an impending load increase. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The bus conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising: an aircraft power system, comprising: an electrical generator configured to generate DC power; at least one distribution device electrically connected to the electrical generator, the distribution device including a first and second terminals electrically connected to the electrical generator, wherein the bus conditioner is electrically connected to the first and second terminals. ### Claim 16 A method of improving engine efficiency for an engine drivably coupled to an electric power generation device, the method comprising maintaining a substantially non-varying load on the power generation device by providing, via a bi-directional power converter including a converter input electrically connected to a first energy storage device and a converter output electrically connected to a bus, energy from the first energy storage device to the bus or storing energy from the bus in the first energy storage device, wherein said maintaining includes determining a load on the bus, commanding the power converter to provide energy to the bus upon the determined load being greater than a first prescribed value, and commanding the power converter to absorb energy into the first energy storage device upon the determined load being less than a second prescribed value. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method according to claim 16, wherein maintaining includes calculating at least one of a current setpoint or a voltage setpoint for determining when to provide energy to the bus and when to store energy from the bus, the current setpoint based on an average current provided by the electric power generation device to the bus over a predetermined time period, and the voltage setpoint based on an average voltage provided by the electric power generation device to the bus over the predetermined time period. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method according to claim 16, wherein maintaining a substantially non-varying load includes using a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device different from the first energy storage device, the first energy storage device having a higher energy storage density than the second energy storage device, and the second energy storage device having a higher power density than the first energy storage device. ### Claim 19 A method of improving efficiency for a power source operatively coupled to an electric power generation device, the method comprising maintaining a substantially non-varying load on the power generation device by providing, via a bi-directional power converter including a converter input electrically connected to a first energy storage device and a converter output electrically connected to a bus, energy from the first energy storage device to the bus or storing energy from the bus in the first energy storage device, wherein said maintaining includes determining a load on the bus, commanding the power converter to provide energy to the bus upon the determined load being greater than a first prescribed value, and commanding the power converter to absorb energy into the first energy storage device upon the determined load being less than a second prescribed value.