# US 10,122,175 B1 · Voltage angle control of a fundamental front end converter for a grid

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- Number: US 10,122,175 B1
- Document ID: US10122175B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 15/890,207
- Filed: 2018-02-06
- Granted: 2018-11-06
- Earliest claimed: 2018-02-06
- Assignees: Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Zhendong Zhang; Ahmed S. Mohamed Sayed Ahmed
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122175B1

## CPC

- H02J 3/38: Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
- H02J 3/18: Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J 3/40: Synchronisation of generators for connection to a network or to another generator
- H02M 7/53873: {with digital control}
- G05B 15/02: electric
- H02J 3/12: Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J 2103/30: Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
- H02M 7/2195: {the switches being synchronously commutated at the same frequency of the AC input voltage}
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)
- G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G)

## Abstract

For voltage angle control, a control module generates a control signal for a grid. A canceling function generates an output voltage angle as a function of the control signal that regulates the grid. The output voltage signal includes an angular canceling function that cancels an angular control portion of a dynamic response of the grid such that the control signal controls the grid as a second-order quadrant-axis current.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A controller comprising:
a control module that generates a control signal for a grid; and
a canceling function that generates an output voltage angle as a function of the control signal that regulates the grid, wherein the output voltage angle comprises an angular canceling function that cancels an angular control portion of a dynamic response of the grid such that the control signal controls the grid as a second-order quadrant-axis current,
wherein at least a portion of the canceling function and the control module comprise one or more of hardware and a processor executing code.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The controller of claim 1, wherein the output voltage angle is further generated as a function of the control signal, a commanded output voltage magnitude, a grid voltage, and a grid frequency.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The controller of claim 1, wherein the control signal is generated as a transfer function of a quadrant-axis current signal and a current feedback signal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The controller of claim 3, wherein the transfer function is a proportional-integral-derivative transfer function.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The controller of claim 4, wherein the transfer function TF is a closed loop transfer function calculated as
TF
=
k
p
⁢
s
+
k
i
s
3
+
(
2
⁢
⁢
R
s
L
s
+
k
d
)
⁢
s
2
+
k
p
⁢
s
+
k
i
,
where s is the frequency domain order, Rs is a lumped resistance between a converter and the grid, Ls is a converter outputs three-phase filter inductance, kp is a proportional gain, kd is a derivative gain, and ki is an integral gain.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The controller of claim 5, wherein kp is calculated as kp=3ξ2ωn2, kd is calculated as,
k
d
=
3
⁢
⁢
ξ
1
⁢
ω
n
-
2
⁢
⁢
R
s
L
s
,
and ki is calculated as ki=ωn3, where ωn is a natural oscillation frequency.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The controller of claim 1, wherein a field orientation signal from the grid and the output voltage angle are combined to generate an angular control signal.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The controller of claim 1, wherein a waveform generator drives a converter with a switching signal generated as a function of the angular control signal and the converter is connected to the grid through a three-phase filter.

### Claim 9

A method comprising:
generating, by use of a processor, a control signal for a grid; and
generating with a canceling function an output voltage angle as a function of the control signal that regulates the grid, wherein the output voltage angle comprises an angular canceling function that cancels an angular control portion of a dynamic response of the grid such that the control signal controls the grid as a second-order quadrant-axis current.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the output voltage angle is further generated as a function of the control signal, a commanded output voltage magnitude, a grid voltage, and a grid frequency.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the control signal is generated as a transfer function of a quadrant-axis current signal and a current feedback signal.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the transfer function is a proportional-integral-derivative transfer function.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the transfer function TF is a closed loop transfer function calculated as
TF
=
k
p
⁢
s
+
k
i
s
3
+
(
2
⁢
⁢
R
s
L
s
+
k
d
)
⁢
s
2
+
k
p
⁢
s
+
k
i
,
where s is the frequency domain order, Rs is a lumped resistance between a converter and the grid, Ls is a converter outputs three-phase filter inductance, kp is a proportional gain, kd is a derivative gain, and ki is an integral gain.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein kp is calculated as kp=3ξ2ωn2, kd is calculated as,
k
d
=
3
⁢
⁢
ξ
1
⁢
ω
n
-
2
⁢
⁢
R
s
L
s
,
and ki is calculated as ki=ωn3, where ωn is a natural oscillation frequency.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein a field orientation signal from the grid and the output voltage angle are combined to generate an angular control signal.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein a waveform generator drives a converter with a switching signal generated as a function of the angular control signal and the converter is connected to the grid through a three-phase filter.

### Claim 17

A system comprising:
a grid;
a control module that generates a control signal for the grid; and
a canceling function that generates an output voltage angle as a function of the control signal that regulates the grid, wherein the output voltage angle comprises an angular canceling function that cancels an angular control portion of a dynamic response of the grid such that the control signal controls the grid as a second-order quadrant-axis current,
wherein at least a portion of the canceling function and the control module comprise one or more of hardware and a processor executing code.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The system of claim 17, wherein the output voltage angle is further generated as a function of the control signal, a commanded output voltage magnitude, a grid voltage, and a grid frequency.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The system of claim 17, wherein the control signal is generated as a transfer function of a quadrant-axis current signal and a current feedback signal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The system of claim 19, wherein the transfer function is a proportional-integral-derivative transfer function.