# US 10,122,166 B2 · System for integrated multi-energy scheduling control in a micro-grid > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,122,166 B2 - Document ID: US10122166B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/042,032 - Filed: 2016-02-11 - Published: 2016-06-16 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-08-13 - Assignees: Accenture Global Services Limited - Applicants: Accenture Global Services Limited - Inventors: Qin Zhou; Zhihui Yang; Zhejing Bao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10122166B2 ## CPC - H02J 3/466: Scheduling or selectively controlling the operation of the generators or sources, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a demand - G05B 13/02: electric - G05B 13/048: {using a predictor} - H02J 3/00: Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks - H02J 3/28: Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy - H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators} - H02J 3/003: {Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand} - H02J 2101/20: Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources - Y02E 10/56: Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers - Y02E 10/76: Power conversion electric or electronic aspects - Y02E 70/30: Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract A system provides integrated multi-energy scheduling control in a micro-grid. The micro-grid may comprise a combined cooling, heating and power CCHP unit and an ice-storage air conditioner. In embodiments, an integrated multi-energy scheduling control process for operation in the micro-grid is performed, based on the predicted electricity demand and cooling demand and the predicted renewable energy output, under process constraints to determine the amount of electricity exchanged between the micro-grid and a macro-grid, cooling power output and electricity output of the CCHP unit, and operation modes and cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in time intervals in a scheduling period, wherein electricity supply/demand balance and cooling energy supply/demand balance are coupled. The system may achieve multi-energy supply/demand balance at a minimized operational cost, and may achieve a high energy efficiency of both the CCHP units and a high performance of the ice-storage air conditioner. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for integrated multi-energy scheduling control in a micro-grid, the system comprising: at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory storing computer executable instructions, wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the system to: perform, based on predicted electricity demand and cooling demand and predicted renewable energy output of the micro-grid, multi-energy scheduling control of operation of a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) unit and an ice-storage air conditioner included in the micro-grid, under constraints of electricity supply/demand balance and cooling energy supply/demand balance, operation constraints for the CCHP unit, and operation constraints for the ice-storage air conditioner, control scheduling of operation of the CCHP unit and the ice-storage air condition to manage an amount of electricity exchanged between the micro-grid and a macro-grid, cooling power output; and control an electricity output of the CCHP unit, and operation modes and cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in time intervals in a scheduling period, wherein the electricity supply/demand balance and the cooling energy supply/demand balance are coupled with each other. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the operation constraints for the CCHP unit comprise an operation constraint provided from an electricity output efficiency model and an operation constraint provide from an electricity output and cooling output relationship model. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system according to claim 2, wherein the operation constraint provided from the electricity output efficiency model and wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to determine the electricity output and cooling output relationship model using the electricity output, ambient elevation and temperature as variables. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system according to claim 3, wherein the operation constraint from the electricity output efficiency model comprises a relationship between electricity output efficiency and electricity output of the CCHP unit and wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to express the relationship as a function of a nominal output power of the CCHP unit under a standard working condition, a maximum output power of the CCHP unit under a given working condition; a maximum efficiency of the CCHP unit under the given working condition; and a partial-load performance function under the standard work condition. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The system according to claim 3, wherein the operation constraint from the electricity output and cooling output relationship model comprises a relationship between cooling power output and electricity output and wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to determine the cooling output of the CCHP unit at a given time as a function of the electricity output of the CCHP unit at the given time, or determine the electricity output of the CCHP unit at the given time as a function of the cooling output of the CCHP unit at the given time. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The system according to claim 4, wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to correct the maximum efficiency of the CCHP unit under the given working condition and the maximum output power of the CCHP unit under the given working condition by power correction factors and efficiency correction factors for inlet pressure loss and back pressure of the CCHP unit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The system according to claim 4, wherein the operation constraint from the electricity output efficiency model further comprises one or more of: a relationship between consumed gas volume and the electricity output and the electricity output efficiency; a lower bound constraint on the electricity output of the CCHP unit; an upper bound constraint on the electricity output of the CCHP unit; and operation time limitations for the CCHP unit. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the micro-grid further comprises a wind power generator and a solar power generator, and wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to determine the constraint for the electricity supply/demand balance based on an amount of electric power exchanged between the micro-grid and the macro-grid, electric power output of the CCHP unit, electric power output of the wind power generator and electric power output of the solar power generator being equal to an electric load or predicted electricity demand of the microgrid, and consumed power of an air-conditioning mode, ice-making mode and ice-melting mode of the ice-storage air conditioner. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the constraint for the cooling energy supply/demand balance comprises a cooling load, or the predicted cooling demand, and wherein the computer executable instructions are further configured to cause the system to determine the cooling load, or the predicted cooling demand based on the combination of the cooling power output of the CCHP units, the cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in air-conditioning mode and the cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in ice-melting mode. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling period has a time length of 24 hours and the time interval has a time length of 1 hour. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system according to claim 10, wherein a historical electricity demand and cooling demand comprise hourly electricity demand and hourly cooling demand in a previous day. ### Claim 12 A method for integrated multi-energy scheduling control in a micro-grid, the method comprising: performing, by using a processor, based on predicted electricity demand and cooling demand and predicted renewable energy output of the micro-grid, a multi-energy scheduling control process for controlling operation of a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) unit and an ice-storage air conditioner included in the micro-grid under constraints of electricity supply/demand balance, cooling energy supply/demand balance, operation constraints for the CCHP unit and operation constraints for the ice-storage air conditioner; and controlling, based on the multi-energy scheduling control process, the amount of electricity exchanged between the micro-grid and a macro-grid, cooling power output and electricity output of the CCHP unit, and operation modes and cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in time intervals in a scheduling period, wherein the electricity supply/demand balance and the cooling energy supply/demand balance are coupled with each other. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the operation constraints for the CCHP unit comprise an electricity output efficiency model and an electricity output and cooling output relationship model, and the method comprises determining the electricity output efficiency model and the electricity output and cooling output relationship model based on using the electricity output, ambient elevation and temperature as variables. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the operation constraints for the ice-storage air conditioner comprises: the processor obtaining an operation constraint from an operation model in air-conditioning mode, the processor obtaining an operation constraint from an operation model in ice-making mode, the processor obtaining an operation constraint from an operation model in ice-melting mode, the processor obtaining an operation constraint from an operation model in ice-melting & air-conditioning mode, and the processor obtaining an operation constraint from an operation model of ice-storage tank. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from each of the operation model in air-conditioning mode, the operation model in ice-making mode, the operation model in ice-melting mode, and the operation model in ice-melting & air-conditioning mode comprises obtaining a cooling output constraint. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from each of the operation model in air-conditioning mode, the operation model in ice-making mode, the operation model in ice-melting mode, and the operation model in ice-melting & air-conditioning mode comprises obtaining an operation time limitation. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from the operation model in air-conditioning mode is determined by linear curve fitting of electric power consumed at a predetermined time to output cooling power at the predetermined time using a coefficient. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from the operation model in ice-making mode is determined by linear curve fitting of electric power consumed at a predetermined time to output cooling power at the predetermined time using a coefficient. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein the operation model in ice-melting & air-conditioning mode is a combination of the operation model in air-conditioning mode and the operation model in ice-making mode. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from the operation model of ice-storage tank comprises: using a relationship between cooling energy stored in ice-storage tank and a dissipation coefficient, a refrigeration efficiency and a maximum storage capacity of the ice-storage tank. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein obtaining the operation constraint from the operation model of ice-storage tank further comprises one or more of: obtaining a lower bound constraint on the cooling energy stored in the ice-storage tank in off-valley time; obtaining an upper bound constraint on the cooling energy stored in the ice-storage tank in off-valley time; obtaining a constrain on the cooling energy stored in the ice-storage tank at end of valley time; obtaining a lower bound constraint on a continuous duration of ice-make mode; and obtaining an upper bound constraint on a continuous duration of ice-make mode. ### Claim 22 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the multi-energy scheduling control process is performed further under constraints for power exchanging between the micro-grid and the macro-grid. ### Claim 23 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the multi-energy scheduling control process comprises the processor selecting as particles of a particle swarm optimization algorithm the cooling output or the electricity output of the CCHP unit and cooling energy stored in ice-storage tank of the ice-storage air conditioner. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method according to claim 23, wherein, in each of iterations of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, particles are corrected, after being updated in their respective searching spaces, so that coupled constraints among the particles are guaranteed. ### Claim 25 An apparatus for integrated multi-energy scheduling in a micro-grid, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions executable by the processor, the computer readable medium comprising: instructions executable by the processor to perform, based on predicted electricity demand and cooling demand and predicted renewable energy output of the micro-grid, a multi-energy scheduling control process for operating a combined cooling, heating and power CCHP unit and an ice-storage air conditioner included in the micro-grid under constraints of electricity supply/demand balance, cooling energy supply/demand balance, operation constraints for the CCHP unit, and operation constraints for the ice-storage air conditioner; and instructions executable by the processor to control the amount of electricity exchanged between the micro-grid and a macro-grid, cooling power output and electricity output of the CCHP unit, and operation modes and cooling power output of the ice-storage air conditioner in time intervals in a scheduling period, wherein the electricity supply/demand balance and the cooling energy supply/demand balance are coupled with each other.