# US 10,121,479 B2 · Audio encoder and decoder for interleaved waveform coding > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,121,479 B2 - Document ID: US10121479B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/279,365 - Filed: 2016-09-28 - Published: 2017-01-19 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2013-04-05 - Assignees: Dolby International AB - Applicants: Dolby International AB - Inventors: Kristofer Kjoerling; Robin Thesing; Harald Mundt; Heiko Purnhagen; Karl Jonas Roeden - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10121479B2 ## CPC - G10L 19/0208: {Subband vocoders} - G10L 19/02: using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders - G10L 19/0212: {using orthogonal transformation} - G10L 19/26: Pre-filtering or post-filtering - G10L 21/038: using band spreading techniques - G10L 21/0388: Details of processing therefor - G10L: SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING ## Abstract There is provided methods and apparatuses for decoding and encoding of audio signals. In particular, a method for decoding includes receiving a waveform-coded signal having a spectral content corresponding to a subset of the frequency range above a cross-over frequency. The waveform-coded signal is interleaved with a parametric high frequency reconstruction of the audio signal above the cross-over frequency. In this way an improved reconstruction of the high frequency bands of the audio signal is achieved. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for decoding an audio signal in an audio processing system, the method comprising: receiving a first waveform-coded signal having a spectral content up to a first cross-over frequency; receiving a second waveform-coded signal having a spectral content corresponding to a subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency; receiving a control signal comprising data relating to one or more time ranges and one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available; receiving high frequency reconstruction parameters; performing high frequency reconstruction using at least a portion of the first waveform-coded signal and the high frequency reconstruction parameters so as to generate a frequency extended signal having a spectral content above the first cross-over frequency; and interleaving the frequency extended signal with the second waveform-coded signal based on the control signal, wherein the control signal comprises a vector indicating the one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the frequency extended signal and indicating the one or more time ranges for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the frequency extended signal, wherein the audio processing system is implemented at least in part with hardware. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the spectral content of the second waveform-code signal has a time-variable upper bound. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, further comprising combining the frequency extended signal, the second waveform-coded signal, and the first wave-form coded signal to form a full bandwidth audio signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing high frequency reconstruction comprises copying a lower frequency band to a higher frequency band. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing high frequency reconstruction is performed in a frequency domain. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the step of interleaving the frequency extended signal with the second waveform-coded signal is performed in a frequency domain. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The decoding method of claim 5, wherein the frequency domain is a Quadrature Mirror Filters, QMF, domain. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the first and the second waveform-coded signal as received are coded using the same MDCT transform. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting the spectral content of the frequency extended signal in accordance with the high frequency reconstruction parameters so as to adjust the spectral envelope of the frequency extended signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the interleaving comprises adding the second waveform-coded signal to the frequency extended signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the interleaving comprises replacing the spectral content of the frequency extended signal by the spectral content of the second waveform-coded signal in the subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency which corresponds to the spectral content of the second waveform-coded signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the first waveform-coded signal and the second waveform-coded signal form first and second signal portions of a common signal. ### Claim 13 The decoding method of 1, wherein the control signal comprises a first vector indicating one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency to be parametrically reconstructed based on the high frequency reconstruction parameters. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) A non-transitory computer-readable medium with instructions that when executed by a processor perform the method of claim 1. ### Claim 15 An audio decoder for decoding an encoded audio signal, the audio decoder comprising: an input interface configured to receive a first waveform-coded signal having a spectral content up to a first cross-over frequency, a second waveform-coded signal having a spectral content corresponding to a subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency, a control signal comprising data relating to one or more time ranges and one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available, and high frequency reconstruction parameters; a high frequency reconstructor configured to receive the first waveform-decoded signal and the high frequency reconstruction parameters from the receiving stage and to perform high frequency reconstruction using the first waveform-coded signal and the high frequency reconstruction parameters so as to generate a frequency extended signal having a spectral content above the first cross-over frequency; and an interleaver configured to receive the frequency extended signal from the high frequency reconstruction stage and the second waveform-coded signal from the receiving stage, and to interleave the frequency extended signal with the second waveform-coded signal based on the control signal, wherein the control signal comprises a vector indicating the one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the frequency extended signal and indicating the one or more time ranges for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the frequency extended signal, wherein the audio decoder is implemented at least in part with hardware. ### Claim 16 An encoding method in an audio processing system, comprising the steps of: receiving an audio signal to be encoded; calculating, based on the received audio signal, high frequency reconstruction parameters enabling high frequency reconstruction of the received audio signal above a first cross-over frequency; identifying, based on the received audio signal, a subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency for which the spectral content of the received audio signal is to be waveform-coded and subsequently, in a decoder, be interleaved with a high frequency reconstruction of the audio signal; generating a first waveform-coded signal by waveform-coding the received audio signal for spectral bands up to the first cross-over frequency; a second waveform-coded signal by waveform-coding the received audio signal for spectral bands corresponding to the identified subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency, and a control signal comprising data relating to one or more time ranges and one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available, wherein the control signal comprises vector indicating the one or more frequency ranges above the first cross-over frequency for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the high frequency reconstruction of the audio signal and indicating the one or more time ranges for which the second waveform-coded signal is available for interleaving with the high frequency reconstruction of the audio signal, wherein the audio processing system is implemented at least in part with hardware. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The encoding method of claim 16, wherein a spectral content of the second waveform-code signal has a time-variable upper bound. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The encoding method of claim 16, wherein the high frequency reconstruction parameters are calculated using spectral band replication, SBR, encoding. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The decoding method of claim 1, wherein the subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency includes an isolated frequency interval not contiguous with the spectral content of the first waveform-coded signal. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The audio decoder of claim 15, wherein the subset of the frequency range above the first cross-over frequency includes an isolated frequency interval not contiguous with the spectral content of the first waveform-coded signal.