# US 10,120,072 B2 · Method for determining a distance between an FMCW ranging device and a target

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- Number: US 10,120,072 B2
- Document ID: US10120072B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/943,935
- Filed: 2015-11-17
- Published: 2016-05-19
- Granted: 2018-11-06
- Earliest claimed: 2014-11-18
- Assignees: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
- Applicants: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
- Inventors: Jean-René Larocque; Jing Liu
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10120072B2

## CPC

- G01S 15/06: Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01F 23/284: Electromagnetic waves
- G01S 7/023: {Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques (auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like G01S7/021; means for anti-jamming G01S7/36)}
- G01S 7/354: {Extracting wanted echo-signals (Doppler systems G01S13/50)}
- G01S 13/343: {using sawtooth modulation}
- G01S 13/88: Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications (electromagnetic prospecting or detecting of objects, e.g. near-field detection, G01V3/00)
- G01F 23/2962: Measuring transit time of reflected waves
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01F: MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME

## Abstract

A method for determining a distance between a ranging device and target, wherein a valid interference profile, if already available, is subtracted from a frequency-domain echo profile that is analyzed to determine the distance of the target, where to obtain or update the valid interference profile, a low-frequency portion of the frequency-domain echo profile is stored as a temporary interference profile after each measurement, and if the target is not proximal to the ranging device and the valid interference profile is not available, the temporary interference profile is saved as the valid interference profile, otherwise if the valid interference profile is available, the valid interference profile is updated via the temporary interference profile, otherwise if the target is distal and the valid interference profile is not yet available, the temporary interference profile is first subjected to a quality check before being saved as the valid interference profile.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method implemented in a frequency modulated continuous wave ranging device which increases an ability of the frequency modulated continuous wave ranging device to accurately determine a distance between the frequency modulated continuous wave ranging device and a target, the method comprising:
transmitting a transmit signal toward the target;
receiving a receive signal caused by reflections of the transmit signal from the target;
determining a frequency difference signal of the transmit signal and the receive signal;
calculating a frequency-domain echo profile from the frequency difference signal;
storing a low-frequency portion of the echo profile as a temporary interference profile;
subtracting, if already available, a valid interference profile from the frequency-domain echo profile to increase an accuracy of a subsequent determined distance between the frequency modulated continuous wave ranging device and the target;
analyzing one of (i) the frequency-domain echo profile and (ii) an interference-free echo profile to determine the distance of the target; and
returning to said transmitting the transmit signal if (i) the target is in close range to the ranging device and (ii) the valid interference profile is available; otherwise
subtracting the temporary interference profile from the frequency-domain echo profile;
analyzing the echo profile minus the temporary interference profile for another determination of the distance of the target;
saving the temporary interference profile as the valid interference profile if a difference of a result of two determinations of the distance is within a specified tolerance; and
returning to said transmitting the transmit signal if the valid interference profile is not yet available; otherwise updating the valid interference profile by using the temporary interference profile; and
returning to said transmitting the transmit signal if (i) the target is not in close range to the ranging device and (ii) the valid interference profile is available;
otherwise saving the temporary interference profile as the valid interference profile; and
returning to said transmitting the transmit signal if the valid interference profile is not yet available.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein said having the temporary interference profile as the valid interference profile if the target is not in a close range to the ranging device and the valid interference profile is not yet available is preceded by intermediate steps of:
subtracting the temporary interference profile from the echo profile;
analyzing the echo profile minus the temporary interference profile for another determination of the distance of the target; and
returning to said transmitting the transmit signal if the difference of the result of the two determinations of the distance is outside the specified tolerance.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the echo profile is calculated by Fast Fourier Transformation comprising an array of complex values corresponding to frequencies.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the echo profile is calculated by Fast Fourier Transformation comprising an array of complex values corresponding to frequencies.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein said updating the valid interference profile by using the temporary interference profile comprises:
computing a weighted average of the valid interference profile and the temporary interference profile; and
saving the result as the updated valid interference profile.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the echo profile to determine the distance comprises:
calculating a power spectrum density of the echo profile to estimate a frequency of interest as a frequency corresponding to a largest component of the power spectrum density; and
calculating the distance of the target from said frequency of interest.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the method is implemented to perform a level measurement; wherein the target is a surface of a material one of (i) in a container and (ii) on a carrier.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the method is implemented via a radar-based FMCW ranging device.