# US 10,119,726 B2 · Water heater status monitoring system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,119,726 B2 - Document ID: US10119726B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/287,486 - Filed: 2016-10-06 - Published: 2018-04-12 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-10-06 - Assignees: Honeywell International Inc. - Applicants: Honeywell International Inc. - Inventors: Timothy J. Smith; John D. Mitchell; Adam Myre - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10119726B2 ## CPC - F24H 9/2035: {using fluid fuel} - F23N 5/102: {using electronic means} - F23N 5/242: {using electronic means} - F24H 1/186: {using fluid fuel} - F24H 15/104: Inspection; Diagnosis; Trial operation - F24H 15/20: characterised by control inputs - F24H 15/223: in the water storage tank - F24H 15/31: of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves - F24H 15/395: Information to users, e.g. alarms - F23N 2229/02: Pilot flame sensors - F23N 2241/04: Heating water - F24H 15/184: Preventing harm to users from exposure to heated water, e.g. scalding - F24H 15/45: remotely accessible - F24H: FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL (steam generation F22) - F23N: REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION (control devices specially adapted for combustion apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles F23C10/28; condition responsive controls for regulating combustion in domestic stoves with open fires for solid fuel F24B1/187) ## Abstract A water heater having a monitoring mechanism, an appliance burner configured to heat water in a tank of a water heater, a water temperature sensor configured to detect a water temperature in the tank, a pilot device configured to ignite the appliance burner, and a thermopile having a tip and a base, and having an output voltage that represents a temperature difference between the tip and the base. The tip of the thermopile may be heated by the pilot device. The base of the thermopile may receive heat from the appliance burner when the appliance burner is turned on, and thus the voltage output of the thermopile may decrease. If the voltage output does not decrease and the water temperature exceeds a thermal cutout limit, then a warning about the water heater may be issued by the monitoring mechanism. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A valve status detection system comprising: a water tank; an appliance burner at the water tank; a fuel valve connected to a fuel source and to the appliance burner via a fuel line, the fuel valve controls fuel to the appliance burner; a pilot flame device at the appliance burner; a thermopile having a first end configured to be heated by the pilot flame device, and having a second end configured to be heated when the appliance burner is operating; a water temperature sensor at the water tank; and a control module connected to the fuel valve, the thermopile, and the water temperature sensor; and wherein: the voltage from the thermopile has a first magnitude when the pilot flame device is heating the first end of the thermopile and the appliance burner is off; the voltage from the thermopile has a second magnitude when the appliance burner is on and heating the second end of the thermopile, and the pilot flame device is heating the first end of the thermopile; the control module is configured to: monitor a water temperature indicated by the water temperature sensor and a voltage from the thermopile; monitor for a change of a magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile when the monitored water temperature exceeds a thermal cut out limit; determine the appliance burner is operating and close the fuel valve to shut down the appliance burner when there is a decrease in the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature; and determine there is another source of heat affecting the water temperature and the second end of the thermopile when there is a decrease in the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature while fuel valve is closed. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the control module is configured such that when the monitored voltage from the thermopile has the second magnitude and the monitored water temperature exceeds a predetermined thermal cut off limit, a warning indication is provided by the control module. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured such that when the monitored voltage from the thermopile has the first magnitude and the water temperature is greater than the predetermined thermal cut off limit plus a predetermined temperature added to the cut off limit, then the control module sends a signal to the fuel valve to close the fuel valve. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the control module is configured such that when the voltage from the thermopile has the first magnitude and the water temperature is not greater than the predetermined thermal cut out limit, then the control module does not send a signal to the fuel valve to close the fuel valve. ### Claim 5 A method for determining a status of a water heater system, comprising: monitoring water temperature of a water heater that is heated by an appliance burner having an associated pilot device; monitoring a magnitude of a voltage output by a thermopile having a first end heated by the pilot device and a second end heated when the appliance burner is operating; and checking whether the water temperature exceeds a thermal cut out limit; and wherein: a fuel valve controls fuel to the appliance burner; the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile indicates a difference of temperatures at the first and second ends; if the water temperature exceeds the thermal cut out limit, then a monitoring is made for a change of the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile; if there is a decrease of the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature, then the appliance burner is operating and the fuel valve is closed to shut down the appliance burner; and if there is a decrease of the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature and the fuel valve is closed, then there is another source of heat affecting the water temperature and the second end of the pilot device. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein if there is no decrease of the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature, indicating that the appliance burner is not operating, then a warning is issued concerning the increase of the water temperature. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, further comprising: determining whether the water temperature is greater than the thermal cut out limit by an amount of X degrees F.; and wherein X is a predetermined number indicating that the water temperature cannot increase beyond the thermal cut out limit by an amount of X degrees without the appliance burner operating. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein if the water temperature is greater than the thermal cut out limit by the amount of X, then the fuel valve is closed. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein if the water temperature continues to be greater than the thermal cut out limit by the amount of X with the fuel valve signaled to be closed, then a warning is issued indicating that that there is another cause of the water temperature continuing to be greater than the thermal cut out limit including the amount of X, instead of the appliance burner. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, if the water temperature is equal to or less than the thermal cut out limit by an amount of X, then the water temperature is continually monitored to watch for an event when the water temperature is greater than the thermal cut out limit including the amount of X. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein if the water temperature is equal to or less than the thermal cut out limit, then the monitoring of the water temperature continues. ### Claim 12 A water heater system comprising: an appliance burner configured to heat water in a tank of a water heater; a water temperature sensor configured to detect a water temperature in the tank; a pilot device configured to ignite the appliance burner; a thermopile having a first end and a second end, and having an output voltage that represents a temperature difference between the first end and the second end; a control module connected to the appliance burner, the water temperature sensor, the pilot device, and the thermopile; and wherein: the first end of the thermopile is heated by the pilot device; the second end of the thermopile is heated by the appliance burner when the appliance burner is on; the voltage output of the thermopile is less, when the appliance burner is on, than the voltage output of the thermopile when the appliance burner is not on; the control module is configured to: monitor a water temperature indicated by the water temperature sensor and a voltage from the thermopile; monitor for a change of a magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile when the monitored water temperature exceeds a thermal cut out limit; determine the appliance burner is operating and shut down the appliance burner when there is a decrease in the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature; and determine there is another source of heat affecting the water temperature and the second end of the thermopile when there is a decrease in the magnitude of the voltage output by the thermopile during an increase of the water temperature while fuel valve is closed. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The system of claim 12, wherein the control module is configured such that if the water temperature of the water in the tank indicated by the water temperature sensor exceeds the thermal cut out limit, then the control module determines whether the appliance burner is on or off according to the output voltage of the thermopile before a decision whether to disable the appliance burner is made. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the control module is configured such that if the control module determines the appliance burner is off based on the monitored voltage output of the thermopile and determines the monitored water temperature of the water in the tank exceeds the thermal cut out limit, then the control module provides a warning indicating that there appears to be an issue with the water heater. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the control module is configured such that if the control module determines the appliance burner is on based on the monitored voltage output of the thermopile and determines the monitored water temperature of the water in the tank exceeds a thermal cut out limit plus a predetermined amount of temperature, then the appliance burner is disabled. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, further comprising: a control valve in communication with the control module and configured to control fuel to the appliance burner; wherein: the control module is configured to close the control valve to disable the appliance burner. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The system of claim 12, further comprising: a control valve for fuel to the appliance burner; and wherein the control module is configured to: check the voltage generated by the thermopile when the water temperature rises and exceeds the thermal cut out limit; and indicate the control valve is turned on and turn off the control valve when the voltage generated by the thermopile decreases compared to a voltage generated during a time when only the pilot device is heating the first end of the thermopile. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The system of claim 12, further comprising: a control valve for fuel to the appliance burner; and wherein: the control module is configured to not turn off the control valve and to lower a set point of the water temperature and enunciate a need for service of the water heater when the water temperature rises and exceeds the thermal cut out limit and the voltage generated by the thermopile is not less than the voltage generated by the thermopile when only the pilot device is heating the first end of the thermopile.