Binder and aqueous solution

An aqueous solution, comprising a polymer having a hydroxyl group, wherein:

• the polymer contains a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a structural unit derived from a monomer containing at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a salt of the carboxylic acid group;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid group and the salt of the carboxylic acid group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• 2 mol % or more of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with a volatile base alone, or are neutralized with the volatile base and a nonvolatile base;
• 0 mol % to 15 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with the nonvolatile base;
• 0 mol % to 50 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with the volatile base;
• when a total amount of the aqueous solution is defined as 100 mass %, the aqueous solution contains 20 mass % or more and 99.9 mass % or less of water:
• in the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• the polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.

A binder, comprising a polymer having a hydroxyl group, wherein:

• the polymer contains a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a structural unit derived from a monomer containing at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a salt of the carboxylic acid group;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid group and the salt of the carboxylic acid group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• 2 mol % to 15 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with a nonvolatile base alone, and the nonvolatile base contains an amine having a boiling point at one atmospheric pressure of 100° C. or more:
• in the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• the polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.

A binder, comprising a polymer having a hydroxyl group, wherein:

• the polymer contains a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a structural unit derived from a monomer containing at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a salt of the carboxylic acid group;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid group and the salt of the carboxylic acid group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• a content of a structural unit derived from a monomer except the monomer represented by the general formula (1) and the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups is 0 mol % or more and 35 mol % or less with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• and
• 2 mol % to 15 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with a nonvolatile base alone, and the nonvolatile base contains a hydroxide of an alkali metal and/or a hydroxide of an alkaline earth metal:
• in the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• the polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.

An aqueous solution, comprising a polymer having a hydroxyl group, wherein:

• the polymer contains a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a structural unit derived from a monomer containing at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a salt of the carboxylic acid group;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid group and the salt of the carboxylic acid group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• 2 mol % to 15 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with a nonvolatile base alone, and the nonvolatile base contains an amine having a boiling point at one atmospheric pressure of 100° C. or more;
• and
• when a total amount of the aqueous solution is defined as 100 mass %, the aqueous solution contains 20 mass % or more and 99.9 mass % or less of water:
• in the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• the polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.

An aqueous solution, comprising a polymer having a hydroxyl group, wherein:

• the polymer contains a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a structural unit derived from a monomer containing at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a salt of the carboxylic acid group;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers;
• a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid group and the salt of the carboxylic acid group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• a content of a structural unit derived from a monomer except the monomer represented by the general formula (1) and the monomer containing the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups is 0 mol % or more and 35 mol % or less with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers;
• 2 mol % to 15 mol % of the at least one of the carboxylic acid groups and the salts of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer are neutralized with a nonvolatile base alone, and the nonvolatile base contains a hydroxide of an alkali metal and/or a hydroxide of an alkaline earth metal;
• and
• when a total amount of the aqueous solution is defined as 100 mass %, the aqueous solution contains 20 mass % or more and 99.9 mass % or less of water:
• in the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an organic group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• the polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 500 to 15,000.