# US 10,118,843 B2 · Process for capture of carbon dioxide and desalination

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- Number: US 10,118,843 B2
- Document ID: US10118843B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 14/829,429
- Filed: 2015-08-18
- Published: 2017-02-23
- Granted: 2018-11-06
- Earliest claimed: 2015-08-18
- Assignees: United Arab Emirates University; Abu Dhabi Oil Refining Company (Takreer)
- Applicants: United Arab Emirates University; Abu Dhabi Oil Refining Company (Takreer)
- Inventors: Muftah El-Naas
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10118843B2

## CPC

- C02F 1/70: by reduction {(C02F1/4676 takes precedence)}
- B01D 53/1475: {Removing carbon dioxide}
- B01D 53/62: Carbon oxides
- B01D 53/77: Liquid phase processes
- B01F 23/231: by bubbling (mixers with gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes B01F33/40)
- C01D 7/00: Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01F 11/24: Chlorides
- C02F 1/00: Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage (C02F3/00 - C02F9/00 take precedence)
- C02F 1/5209: {Regulation methods for flocculation or precipitation}
- C02F 1/5236: {using inorganic agents}
- B01D 2251/304: of sodium
- B01D 2251/404: of calcium
- B01D 2252/10: Inorganic absorbents
- B01F 2101/305: {Treatment of water, waste water or sewage}
- C02F 2001/5218: {Crystallization}
- C02F 2101/10: Inorganic compounds
- Y02C 20/40: of CO2
- Y02P 20/151: Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
- C02F: TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (separation in general B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F9/04; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes)
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- B01F: MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING (mixing paints B44D3/06)
- C01D: COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; sulfides C01B17/22; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia and cyanogen, containing nitrogen and other non-metals C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; phosphides C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanic acid C01C3/14; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- C01F: COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; sulfides or polysulfides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B17/42; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia or cyanogen containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals C01B21/082; amides or imides of silicon C01B21/087}; metal {imides or} amides C01B21/092, {C01B21/0923}; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanic acid C01C3/14; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20; {double sulfates of magnesium with sodium or potassium C01D5/12; with other alkali metals C01D15/00, C01D17/00})
- Y02C: CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for reducing in a gas stream the concentration of carbon dioxide and for reducing in an aqueous stream the concentration of sodium chloride, which process comprises contacting a feed gas comprising greater than or equal to 0.1% by volume carbon dioxide with an aqueous feed comprising: (a) sodium chloride; and (b) calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight, wherein the pH of the aqueous feed is greater than or equal to 10.0. A product aqueous stream obtained from the process of the invention is also described.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process for reducing in a gas stream the concentration of carbon dioxide and for reducing in an aqueous stream the concentration of sodium chloride,
which process comprises contacting a feed gas comprising greater than or equal to 0.1% by volume carbon dioxide with an aqueous feed comprising:
(a) sodium chloride; and
(b) calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of greater than or equal to 0.5% by weight,
wherein the pH of the aqueous feed is greater than or equal to 10.0.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the aqueous feed is greater than or equal to 11.0.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, which process further comprises an initial step of adding at least part of the calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide to a saline feedstock to produce the aqueous feed.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

A process according to claim 3, wherein the aqueous feed comprises calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of from 1.0% to 2.0% by weight.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A process according to claim 4, wherein the aqueous feed comprises calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of from 1.0% to 2.0% by weight.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of (calcium hydroxide):(sodium chloride) in the aqueous feed is from 0.2:1.0 to 0.4:1.0.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of sodium chloride in the aqueous feed is greater than or equal to 20.0 g/l, optionally greater than or equal to 60.0 g/l.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the feed gas comprises greater than or equal to 5.0% by volume carbon dioxide.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the feed gas comprises exhaust gas, flue gas, flare gas or natural gas.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein contacting the feed gas with the aqueous feed comprises (i) passing the feed gas through the aqueous feed or (ii) agitating the aqueous feed in the presence of the feed gas.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the feed gas is contacted with the aqueous feed in a bubble column reactor.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein solid sodium bicarbonate is produced as a result of contacting the feed gas with the aqueous feed.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

A process according to claim 12, which process further comprises recovering said solid sodium bicarbonate, optionally by filtration or sedimentation.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

A process according to claim 13, which process further comprises heating said recovered solid sodium bicarbonate to produce recovered carbon dioxide.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, which process further comprises recovering a product aqueous stream having a lower concentration of sodium chloride than the aqueous feed.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, which process further comprises recovering a product gas stream having a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than the feed gas.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, which process is not an electrochemical process.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

A process according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous feed comprises less than 0.1% by weight ammonia.