# US 10,118,485 B2 · Disconnecting all-wheel drive driveline having rear drive module with disconnection and differential locking clutches > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,118,485 B2 - Document ID: US10118485B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/946,802 - Filed: 2015-11-20 - Published: 2017-05-25 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2015-11-20 - Assignees: American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. - Applicants: American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. - Inventors: Jeffrey L. Kincaid; Robert C. Gorski - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10118485B2 ## CPC - B60K 23/08: for changing number of driven wheels {, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles (B60K17/3515 takes precedence)} - B60K 17/02: characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch - B60K 23/04: for differential gearing - F16D 11/14: with clutching members movable only axially (F16D11/02, F16D11/08 take precedence) - F16D 25/0638: with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae - F16D 48/02: Control by fluid pressure - B60K 2023/046: {Axle differential locking means} - B60K 2023/0833: {for adding torque to the rear wheels} - B60K 2023/0866: {with hydraulic means only} - F16D 2011/002: {using an external and axially slidable sleeve for coupling the teeth of both coupling components together} - B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES - F16D: COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES ## Abstract An all-wheel drive vehicle driveline can include an input member, differential, pump, first clutch, valve, and second clutch. The differential can include a case member, differential gearset, first output, and second output. The differential gearset can receive input torque from the case member and output differential torque to the first and second outputs. The pump can pump a fluid to a first conduit. The first clutch can transmit torque between the input and case members when a pressure in the first conduit exceeds a first predetermined pressure. The valve can couple the first conduit to a second conduit. The second clutch can couple the case member to the first output for common rotation when a pressure in the second conduit exceeds a second predetermined pressure. The valve can selectively permit fluid communication from the first conduit to the second conduit. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An all-wheel drive vehicle driveline comprising: a housing assembly with a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit; an input pinion received in the housing assembly; an input member that is received in the housing assembly and rotatable about a differential axis; a ring gear coupled to the input member for rotation in the housing assembly about the differential axis; a differential received in the housing assembly, the differential including a case member, a differential gear set, a first differential output, and a second differential output, the differential gear set transmitting rotary power between the case member and the first and second differential outputs; a pump coupled to the housing, the pump having a pump outlet that is in fluid communication with the first conduit; an intermediate shaft received coaxially through the input member, the intermediate shaft being coupled to the case member for common rotation about the differential axis; a first clutch configured to transmit torque between the input member and the case member when a pressure in the first conduit exceeds a first predetermined pressure, the first clutch having a first clutch input, which is coupled to the input member for rotation therewith, and a first clutch output, which is coupled to the intermediate shaft for rotation therewith; a first valve coupling the first conduit to the second conduit; and a second clutch configured to couple the case member to the first differential output for common rotation when a pressure in the second conduit exceeds a second predetermined pressure that is greater than the first predetermined pressure; wherein when the first valve is open, the first valve permits fluid communication from the first conduit to the second conduit, and when the first valve is closed, the first valve inhibits fluid communication from the first conduit to the second conduit. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 1, wherein the first clutch includes a first piston chamber, a first piston, a plurality of first clutch plates, which are coupled to the first clutch input for rotation therewith, and a plurality of second clutch plates that are coupled for rotation with the first clutch output and interleaved with the first clutch plates, wherein the first piston chamber is in fluid communication with the first conduit and when the pressure in the first conduit exceeds the first predetermined pressure, the pressure in the first piston chamber moves the first piston from a first position that is retracted relative to the first and second clutch plates to a second position that is extended toward the first and second clutch plates to a greater extent than when the first piston is in the first position. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 2, wherein the second clutch includes a second piston chamber, a second piston, a first locking member, a second locking member, and a clutch member, wherein the second piston chamber is in fluid communication with the second conduit, the first locking member is coupled to the case member for common rotation, the second locking member is coupled to the first differential output for common rotation, and the clutch member is movable between a first position wherein the clutch member is rotatable relative to one of the first or second locking members, and a second position wherein the clutch member is coupled for common rotation with the first and second locking members, wherein when the pressure in the second conduit exceeds the second predetermined pressure, the pressure in the second piston chamber drives the second piston to move the clutch member from the first position to the second position. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 3, wherein the clutch member is a collar defining a plurality of inner splines that are configured to engage a plurality of outer splines defined by the first and second locking members. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 3, wherein the second clutch includes a return spring configured to bias the clutch member toward the first position. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 3, wherein the second piston separates the second piston chamber into a first side and a second side, and the first valve is one of a plurality of valves, wherein the plurality of valves are operable in a first mode wherein fluid communication is permitted from the second conduit to the first side of the second piston chamber and fluid communication is permitted from the second side of the second piston chamber to a reservoir, and a second mode wherein fluid communication is permitted from the first side of the second piston chamber to the reservoir and fluid communication is permitted from the second conduit to the second side of the second piston chamber. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 1, wherein the second clutch comprises a second clutch input, a second clutch output, and wherein the all-wheel drive vehicle driveline further comprises a piston and a spring, the piston being movable along the differential axis between a first position and a second position, wherein the second clutch transmits rotary power between the second clutch input and the second clutch output when the piston is in the second position, and wherein the spring biases the piston toward the first position. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 7, wherein the second clutch further comprises a clutch member that is movable along the differential axis to selectively couple the second clutch input to the second clutch output. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 8, further comprising a sensor coupled to the housing, the sensor being configured to sense a position of the clutch member and responsively generate a sensor signal indicative of the position of the clutch member. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 8, wherein the second clutch comprises a clutch fork that is coupled to the piston for movement therewith, wherein one of the clutch fork and the clutch member defines an annular groove into which a portion of the other one of the clutch fork and the clutch member is received. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 7, wherein the housing had an annular wall member that is disposed along the differential axis between the first clutch and the second clutch, and wherein the spring is disposed between the annular wall member and the piston. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The all-wheel drive vehicle driveline of claim 1, wherein the first clutch is a friction clutch having an outer clutch basket that is coupled to the intermediate shaft for rotation therewith, wherein the second clutch comprises a plurality of teeth that are formed about a circumference of the intermediate shaft, and wherein a bearing is disposed between the housing and the intermediate shaft along the differential axis between the outer clutch basket and the teeth on the circumference of the intermediate shaft.