# US 10,118,337 B2 · Electrostatic 3-D printer controlling layer topography using aerosol applicator > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,118,337 B2 - Document ID: US10118337B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/173,777 - Filed: 2016-06-06 - Published: 2017-12-07 - Granted: 2018-11-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-06-06 - Assignees: Xerox Corporation - Applicants: Xerox Corporation - Inventors: William J. Nowak; Jorge A. Alvarez; Robert A. Clark; Michael F. Zona; Chu-heng Liu; Paul J. McConville - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10118337B2 ## CPC - B29C 64/165: using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber - B29C 64/147: using sheet material, e.g. laminated object manufacturing [LOM] or laminating sheet material precut to local cross sections of the 3D object - B29C 64/393: for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes - B33Y 30/00: Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor - B33Y 50/02: for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes - G03G 15/1625: {on a base other than paper} - G03G 15/224: {Machines for forming tactile or three dimensional images by electrographic means, e.g. braille, 3d printing} - B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00) - B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract A 3-D printer includes build and support material development stations that electrostatically transfer build material and support material to an ITB. The ITB transfers a layer of build and support material to a platen each time the platen contacts one of the layers on the ITB, to successively form a freestanding stack of the layers on the platen. A sensor is positioned to generate a topographic measurement of the layer on the platen, and an aerosol applicator is positioned to propel build and support material on to the layer on the platen. The aerosol applicator controls the build and support material being propelled, based on the topographic measurement from the sensor through a feedback loop, to adjust the amount and location of the build material and the support material propelled on to the layer, and thereby control the flatness of surface topology of the layers in the freestanding stack on the platen. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A three-dimensional (3-D) printer comprising: an intermediate transfer belt (ITB); a build material development station positioned to electrostatically transfer build material to said ITB; a support material development station positioned to electrostatically transfer support material to said ITB, said build material development station and said support material development station transfer layers of said build material and said support material to said ITB; a platen having a flat surface positioned to repeatedly contact said 1 TB, said platen moves relative to said ITB, said ITB transfers a layer of said build material and said support material to said flat surface of said platen each time said platen contacts one of said layers on said ITB to successively form a freestanding stack of said layers on said flat surface of said platen; a sensor positioned to generate a topographic measurement of said layer on said platen; a feedback loop electrically connected to said sensor; and an aerosol applicator positioned to propel said build material and said support material on to said layer on said platen, said aerosol applicator selectively propels different amounts of said build material and said support material to different locations of said layers, based on said topographic measurement from said sensor through said feedback loop, to adjust the amount and location of said build material and said support material propelled onto said layer, to control flatness of surface topology of said layers in said freestanding stack on said platen, and said sensor detects depressions in surface topology of said layers and supplies depths and locations of said depressions to said aerosol applicator through said feedback loop. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The 3-D printer according to claim 1, said aerosol applicator comprises an array of gas jets. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The 3-D printer according to claim 1, said aerosol applicator comprises electrical field gates that control the amount of said build material and said support material propelled out of said aerosol applicator. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The 3-D printer according to claim 1, said aerosol applicator selectively propels different amounts of said build material and said support material to different locations of said layers to fill in depressions of said surface topology of said layers to make said surface topology of said layers flat and parallel to said flat surface of said platen. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The 3-D printer according to claim 4, said sensor detects said depressions and supplies depths and locations of said depressions to said aerosol applicator through said feedback loop. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The 3-D printer according to claim 1, said aerosol applicator comprises a venturi narrowed tubular jet body driven by pressurized gas. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The 3-D printer according to claim 1, further comprising a support material removal station positioned to receive said freestanding stack from said platen, said support material removal station removes a second material without affecting a first material to leave a 3-D structure made of only said first material. ### Claim 8 A three-dimensional (3-D) printer comprising: an intermediate transfer belt (ITB); a build material development station positioned to electrostatically transfer build material to said ITB; a support material development station positioned to electrostatically transfer support material to said ITB, said build material development station and said support material development station transfer layers of said build material and said support material to said ITB; a platen having a flat surface positioned to repeatedly contact said ITB, said platen moves relative to said ITB, said ITB transfers a layer of said build material and said support material to said flat surface of said platen each time said platen contacts one of said layers on said ITB to successively form a freestanding stack of said layers on said flat surface of said platen; a sensor positioned to generate a topographic measurement of said layer on said platen; a feedback loop electrically connected to said sensor; and an aerosol applicator positioned to propel said build material and said support material on to said layer on said platen, said aerosol applicator selectively propels different amounts of said build material and said support material to different locations of said layers, based on said topographic measurement from said sensor through said feedback loop, to adjust the amount and location of said build material and said support material propelled on to said layer, to fill in depressions of surface topology of said layers and to control flatness of said surface topology of said layers in said freestanding stack on said platen, and said sensor detects said depressions and supplies depths and locations of said depressions to said aerosol applicator through said feedback loop. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The 3-D printer according to claim 8, said aerosol applicator comprises an array of gas jets. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The 3-D printer according to claim 8, said aerosol applicator comprises electrical field gates that control the amount of said build material and said support material propelled out of said aerosol applicator. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The 3-D printer according to claim 8, said aerosol applicator selectively propels different amounts of said build material and said support material to different locations of said layers to fill in depressions of said surface topology of said layers to make said surface topology of said layers flat and parallel to said flat surface of said platen. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The 3-D printer according to claim 8, said aerosol applicator comprises a venturi narrowed tubular jet body driven by pressurized gas. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The 3-D printer according to claim 8, further comprising a support material removal station positioned to receive said freestanding stack from said platen, said support material removal station removes a second material without affecting a first material to leave a 3-D structure made of only said first material.