Member for electrophotography and method of producing the member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

A member for electrophotography, comprising:

• an electroconductive substrate;
• and
• an electroconductive layer on the substrate, a total sum of contents of an alkali metal and an alkali earth metal in the electroconductive layer being 500 ppm or less, wherein
• the electroconductive layer contains one of the following resin (a) and resin (b):
• resin (a) being a resin that comprises a product of a reaction between an ionic electroconductive agent and a first compound capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group, the ionic electroconductive agent containing an anion and a cation having 2 or more hydroxyl groups, the anion comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorosulfonate anion, a fluorocarboxylate anion, a fluorosulfonylimide anion, a fluorosulfonylmethide anion, a fluoroalkylfluoroborate anion, a fluorophosphate anion, a fluoroantimonate anion, and a fluoroarsenate anion, and
• resin (b) being a product of a reaction between a second compound having 3 or more nitrogen atoms of a tertiary amine in a molecule thereof, and a third compound having, in a molecule thereof, 2 or more groups of at least one of kinds represented by —N(SO2R1)2 and —OSO2R2 where R1 and R2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

A method of producing a member for electrophotography, the member for electrophotography including an electroconductive substrate and an electroconductive layer on the substrate, the electroconductive layer containing a resin having a cationic organic group in a molecule thereof and an anion, the electroconductive layer containing an alkali metal and an alkali earth metal at a total sum of contents of 500 ppm or less, the anion comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorosulfonate anion, a fluorocarboxylate anion, a fluorosulfonylimide anion, a fluorosulfonylmethide anion, a fluoroalkylfluoroborate anion, a fluorophosphate anion, a fluoroantimonate anion, and a fluoroarsenate anion, the method comprising:

• (1) forming, on the electroconductive substrate, a coating film of a paint containing a compound having 3 or more nitrogen atoms of a tertiary amine, and a compound having, in a molecule thereof, 2 or more groups of at least one of kinds represented by —N(SO2R1)2 and —OSO2R2 where R1 and R2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;
• and
• (2) causing the compound having 3 or more nitrogen atoms of a tertiary amine, and the compound having, in a molecule thereof, 2 or more groups of at least one of kinds represented by —N(SO2R1)2 and —OSO2R2 where R1 and R2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the coating film to react with each other to form the electroconductive layer.